> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://upstash-fix-issues-on-docs.mintlify.site/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Batching

[Publishing](/qstash/howto/publishing) is great for sending one message
at a time, but sometimes you want to send a batch of messages at once.

This can be useful to send messages to a single or multiple destinations.
QStash provides the `batch` endpoint to help
you with this.

If the format of the messages are valid, the response will be an array of
responses for each message in the batch. When batching topics, the response
will be an array of responses for each destination in the topic. If one
message fails to be sent, that message will have an error response, but the
other messages will still be sent.

## Batching messages with destinations

<Info>You can also send messages to the same destination!</Info>

<CodeGroup>
  ```shell cURL
  curl -XPOST https://qstash.upstash.io/v2/batch \
      -H 'Authorization: Bearer XXX' \
      -H "Content-type: application/json" \
      -d '
       [
        {
          "destination": "https://example.com/destination1"
        },
        {
          "destination": "https://example.com/destination2"
        }
       ]'
  ```

  ```typescript TypeScript
  import { Client } from "@upstash/qstash";

  // Each message is the same as the one you would send with the publish endpoint
  const client = new Client({ token: "<QSTASH_TOKEN>" });
  const res = await client.batchJSON([
    {
      url: "https://example.com/destination1",
    },
    {
      url: "https://example.com/destination2",
    },
  ]);
  ```
</CodeGroup>

## Batching messages with topics

If you have a [topic](/qstash/howto/topic-endpoint), you can batch send with
the topic as well.

<CodeGroup>
  ```shell cURL
  curl -XPOST https://qstash.upstash.io/v2/batch \
      -H 'Authorization: Bearer XXX' \
      -H "Content-type: application/json" \
      -d '
       [
        {
          "destination": "mytopic"
        },
        {
          "destination": "https://example.com/destination2"
        }
       ]'
  ```

  ```typescript TypeScript
  const client = new Client({ token: "<QSTASH_TOKEN>" });

  // Each message is the same as the one you would send with the publish endpoint
  const res = await client.batchJSON([
    {
      topic: "mytopic",
    },
    {
      url: "https://example.com/destination2",
    },
  ]);
  ```
</CodeGroup>

## Batching messages with headers and body

You can provide custom headers and a body for each message in the batch.

<CodeGroup>
  ```shell cURL
  curl -XPOST https://qstash.upstash.io/v2/batch   -H "Authorization: Bearer XXX" \
      -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
      -d '
      [
        {
            "destination": "mytopic",
            "headers":{
              "Upstash-Delay":"5s",
              "Upstash-Forward-Hello":"123456"
            },
            "body": "Hello World"
        },
        {
            "destination": "https://example.com/destination1",
            "headers":{
              "Upstash-Delay":"7s",
              "Upstash-Forward-Hello":"789"
            }
        },
        {
            "destination": "https://example.com/destination2",
            "headers":{
              "Upstash-Delay":"9s",
              "Upstash-Forward-Hello":"again"
            }
        }
      ]'
  ```

  ```typescript TypeScript
  const client = new Client({ token: "<QSTASH_TOKEN>" });

  // Each message is the same as the one you would send with the publish endpoint
  const msgs = [
    {
      topic: "mytopic",
      delay: 5,
      body: "Hello World",
      headers: {
        hello: "123456",
      },
    },
    {
      url: "https://example.com/destination1",
      delay: 7,
      headers: {
        hello: "789",
      },
    },
    {
      url: "https://example.com/destination2",
      delay: 9,
      headers: {
        hello: "again",
      },
      body: {
        Some: "Data",
      },
    },
  ];

  const res = await client.batchJSON(msgs);
  ```
</CodeGroup>

#### The response for this will look like

```json
[
  [
    {
      "messageId": "msg_...",
      "url": "https://mytopic-endpoint1.com"
    },
    {
      "messageId": "msg_...",
      "url": "https://mytopic-endpoint2.com"
    }
  ],
  {
    "messageId": "msg_..."
  },
  {
    "messageId": "msg_..."
  }
]
```